The purpose of our study is to characterize relationship between complex land use configuration and stream water chemistry. The study area (upper Stropnice river catchment) has a large scale of different landcover types and its mosaic patterns are characteristic at the selected region. It offers an opportunity to study impacts of different land use on surface water quality. This study compares hydrochemical data from outlets of twenty sampling sites and land use using several statistical methods: cluster analysis, factor analysis, multiple linear regression and on-way ANOVA. Several types of pollution sources were identified, arable areas seemed to be the most important factor that influences surface water quality within the upper Stropnice river catchment. Portions of arable land were significantly correlated with average concentrations of the most monitored ions.