The present state of health of the inhabitants in the former socialist republics is worse than in democratic states of Europe and in these countries the life expectancy is significantly shorter. Unqualified directing of industrialization and collectivization of agricultre, directive and dictatorial system of leading of society and its spirit life together with political shocks (e.g. occupation of Hungary and Czecho-Slovakia) caused a situation leading to a rapid worsening of state of health of people in CSFR, Hungary, Poland and other “socialist“ countries especially during the last 20-25 years. High mortality is cased mainly by cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, coronary trombosis, cerebral heamorrhage) and cancer.